Purpose: A rare adverse effect observed after dose escalation of topiramate therapy is discussed. A review of published cases, monitoring recommendations, and important counseling information for ...

All solutions of dissolved salts contain equal numbers of dissociated positive and negative charges. This simple principle was used by the Boston physiologist James L Gamble as a means of analyzing ...

Sodium is the primary cation. Chloride and bicarbonate are the primary anions. The anion gap is the numeric result of subtracting the sums of the chloride and bicarbonate concentrations from that of ...

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes. It occurs when a lack of insulin leads to potentially life-threatening acidosis and imbalances of electrolytes in the blood. Although ...

Use of the Naranjo et al. [12] adverse drug reaction probability scale indicated a probable relationship between hyperchloremic, normal anion-gap, metabolic acidosis and topiramate. This adverse drug ...