This measure has led to the closure of Herat's national television station and at least two other local channels.

From 2015-2023, civic space shrank under the Law and Justice Party. While the election of a pro-democratic coalition in 2023 raised expectations of reform, many repressive laws and structures remain.

The authorities have appointed a trustee to control the pro-opposition broadcaster Tele1 TV. Editor-in-chief, Merdan Yanardağ, was detained as part of an espionage investigation on 24 October. This ...

The disinformation campaign that was unleashed immediately after the murder of journalist Shireen Abu Akleh dominated feeds, sowed confusion, and shielded perpetrators from accountability.